Cyprus-Forum.com

[insan]

HONOURABLE CYPRUS HISTORY


1920 - All Cypriots and other minorities had been living in peace and collaborating with each other to develop their life standard and culture. Vast majority of Cypriots know each others language.

1930 - A group of right winged GCs rioted against British authorities and demanded union with Greece. British administration suppressed the uprising and suspended the constitution. 1930 Primary education put under direct British control; growth of Greek (and later, Turkish) identity, beginning of split between economic & cultural elites.

1931 - Vast majority of two communities made a demonstration and reproached the one sided revolts ... Represantatives of two communities called British authorities to end the suspending of constitutional order...

1940 - WW2 begun... British authorities ended the suspension of constitutional order.
B. Post-War Cyprus

1948 - Winster proposals for self-government excluded self-determination; accepted by both communities.
1949 - First TC public protest against enosisist GC right winged group in Nicosia; all peace demanding, Enosis opponent TC groups and GC groups united in Cypriots Peace Party.

1950 - Makarios III becomes Archbishop; petition for enosis in churches signed by 6-7% .

1952 - Makarios blocks Grivas' plans for an armed campaign, asked Greece to make UN effort. Turkey and Greece enter NATO.

1955 - Armed violence against British begun by Grivas & EOKA. Küçük renames National Union Party as Cyprus is Turkish Party. London Conference: Britain invited Greece & Turkey to discuss problems, including Cyprus. Conference ended without agreement. Riots orchestrated in Istanbul. Gov. Harding cracks down on EOKA.

1956 - Negotiations for self-government. Makarios deported. Violence & repression intensifies. EOKA targets police, GCs as well as British murdered. GCs in police replaced by TCs; some TCs are casualties of EOKA terrorism. Radcliffe Plan for self-governance rejected; first official reference to partition.

1957 - Bombing kills one TC, wounding three; TCs retaliated. TC riots in Nicosia against British forces; seven TCs killed. Trade unions joint appeal for calm. EOKA cease fire, release of Makarios to Athens. TC demand for "taksim"; rise of TMT. Demand for Turkish army base. Governor Foot pursues new policy of conciliation.

1958 - Plan for self-government postponed sovereignty issue; rejected by Turkey. TCs riot for partition. EOKA boycott of British, end of year-long ceasefire. Turkish Cypriot PIO office bombed, EOKA blamed (later established that TC extremists responsible). TC violence against GCs in Nicosia, 8 GCs killed near Guenyeli. MacMillan plan involving Greece & Turkey; some implementation begun. EOKA targets TCs; villages burned. Intercommunal ceasefire. Makarios announced he would agree to guaranteed independence.

VII The First Years of the Republic (1960-1963)

1960 - Cyprus - an independent republic - established on August 15, Makarios president. Initial efforts at governing under the new constitution.

1961 - Disputes over certain basic articles: separate municipalities, public service and Cypriot army ratio, taxes. TCs veto tax law.

1962 - Failure to agree on separate municipalities; continuing gridlock and terrorism. April, murder of two Turkish Cypriot journalists, Hikmet and Gurkhan, who advocated intercommunal cooperation.

1963 - Constitutional crisis after court rulings: taxes imposed but cannot be collected; ruling against both sides on municipalities issue. Akritas Plan formed. Makarios submitted 13 points for constitutional reform to Küçük to revise the constitution; rejected by Turkey.


VIII Constitutional Breakdown and Intercommunal Conflict (1963-1967)

1963 - Dec 21, intercommunal violence explodes. Truce force set up with British troops, Greek & Turkish liaison officers. Ceasefire after Turkish jets buzzed Nicosia. Casualties in first ten days (known dead & missing presumed dead): TCs, 136, GCs 30.


IX Intervention of 3 Guarantors

1964 - 3 guarantor powers intervened according to the 60s treaties... All of the illegal underground organization leaders, frontmen of TMT and EOKA arrested for interrogation..

1964 - Peaceful negotiations was started on Cyprus constitution and laws by representatives of two communities.

1965 - All necessary alterations was made on 1960 constitution and some laws become more strict.

1966 - All EOKA and TMT leaders was found guilty of many illegal actions. The judges of high court decided 30 years imprisonment of the criminals.

1967 - Cyprus became the worlds most beautiful and peaceful Island. Whole world applauded the both communities victory of succeeding to overcome their problems lawfuly and peacefuly...

2004 - Cyprus joined EU.

HAPPY END

[metecyp]

What's the point of making up history? We can't change what happenned in 1960s and 1970s. We can only learn lessons from them, understand how much pain both sides caused to each other, and move on.

[Piratis]

There is never an "END", but today we can still achieve something very good and within EU secure our future for many many years.

I wouldn't say I agree with everything in your history part, but lets stick to the present and future.

[insan]

What's the point of making up history? We can't change what happenned in 1960s and 1970s. We can only learn lessons from them, understand how much pain both sides caused to each other, and move on.

History already have been made up by GCs and TCs seperately ... It seems most of the facts which took place in 60s and 70s have been changed one sidedly... What lesson you expect to learn from them? There are still two different version of Cyprus history... How do you think to take your lesson and move on?


It's time to face with the realities and achievement of justice...



Congo asks for war crimes probe
Monday, April 19, 2004 Posted: 11:09 AM EDT (1509 GMT)



About three million people have died in Congo's civil war.





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International Criminal Court

War crimes



AMSTERDAM, The Netherlands (Reuters) -- The International Criminal Court, or ICC, could start investigating atrocities in the Democratic Republic of Congo this year after a request from the country's president, the court said Monday.

President Joseph Kabila wrote to the ICC's chief prosecutor, Luis Moreno Ocampo, asking for an investigation into possible war crimes, genocide and crimes against humanity, the ICC said in a statement. An investigation could lead to formal charges.

Since last year Moreno Ocampo's office has received six complaints of atrocities in Congo's northeastern province of Ituri from individuals and groups.

These included two detailed reports from non-governmental organizations of execution, rape, torture, sexual slavery and use of child soldiers, the ICC said.

A U.N. mission is trying to end fighting and attacks on civilians by ethnic Hema and Lendu armed groups who are responsible for some 50,000 deaths in Ituri since 1999.

The global court, which took effect last July to tackle the world's gravest crimes, has no formal cases on its books, but Uganda has also asked it to investigate charges of atrocities.

Moreno Ocampo, an Argentine who helped prosecute his country's military junta for crimes committed during its "dirty war," has said he expects a probe into possible atrocities in the Congo to start this year.

He has devoted significant attention to claims of crimes committed in Ituri province.

Moreno Ocampo has vowed to prosecute not only the perpetrators of such crimes, but also foreign businessmen and firms who supplied cash or weapons in exchange for so called "blood diamonds" to people they knew were guilty of atrocities.

Moreno Ocampo has said crimes linked to Congo's civil war, which killed around three million people, may have been committed as far away as the United States and Canada.

[insan]

When a group of Cypriots cry for their victims of Cyprus tragedy, on the same day the other group of Cypriots honoures their heroes whom are the responsibles of Cyprus targedy...

Do you know who were the gang leaders was giving orders to incite, provoke and kill Cypriots? Do you know who were their financial supporters? Have any interrogations been made till now? How many of them had been jailed because of their crimes? Or are they still honoured by their extensions?


What lesson you took from the distorted realities?

[metecyp]

History already have been made up by GCs and TCs seperately ... It seems most of the facts which took place in 60s and 70s have been changed one sidedly... What lesson you expect to learn from them? There are still two different version of Cyprus history... How do you think to take your lesson and move on?

History hasn't been made up by anyone. GCs did kill many innocent TCs, Turkish army did wrong things and forced 200.000 refugees to the south. These are facts, and the problem is each side considers their sufferring as the whole story. What we need to do is sit together and realize that there are refugees on both sides, both sides lost innocent people, and both sides are victims and monsters at the same time. Then, we can start combining the historical facts from both side to reach to a unified objective Cyprus history. We don't need to make up anything, we just need to combine both sides of the story.